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[Venator77]

The FFVS J 22 was a single-engine fighter aircraft developed for the Swedish Air Force during World War II.

Development

At the onset of World War II, the Swedish Air Force (Flygvapnet) was equipped with largely obsolete Gloster Gladiator ( J 8 ) biplane fighters. To augment this, Sweden ordered 120 Seversky P-35 (J 9) and 144 P-66 Vanguard (J 10) aircraft from the United States. However, on 18 June 1940 after the German occupation of Norway, the United States declared an embargo against exporting weapons to any nation other than Great Britain. As the result, Flygvapnet suddenly faced a shortage of modern fighters. Several other foreign alternatives were considered: the Finnish VL Myrsky and Soviet Polikarpov I-16 were unsatisfactory, and while the Mitsubishi A6M Zero was available, delivery from Japan was impractical. A batch of Fiat CR.42 Falco (J 11) biplanes and Reggiane Re.2000 Falco (J 20) were eventually purchased but this was clearly an interim solution.

With Flygvapnet facing a serious shortage of aircraft and Saab running at full capacity building its single-engine Saab 17 and twin-engined Saab 18 bombers, a new firm and factory were established specifically for the new fighter — Kungliga Flygförvaltningens Flygverkstad i Stockholm ("Royal Air Administration Aircraft Factory in Stockholm", FFVS) under Bo Lundberg. The aircraft, designated J 22, was a monoplane with a plywood-covered steel airframe. Wing and fuselage layout were conventional, with the narrow-track main landing gear retracting rearward entirely within the fuselage, somewhat similar to the 1935 Focke-Wulf Fw 159 parasol-wing monoplane fighter design. Power came from a Swedish copy of the Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp, manufactured without a license at the time, though license fees were paid later (a symbolic US$1).

The J 22 first flew on 20 September 1942 from Bromma airport, where the factory was located. It entered service in October 1943, at the F9 air wing at Gothenburg, with the last of the 198 aircraft delivered in April 1946. Sub-assemblies for the J 22 were made by over 500 different contractors.

Operational history

The J 22 was well liked by its pilots and possessed good manoeuvrability and responsive controls. Forward visibility on the ground left something to be desired and if the tailwheel was left unlocked and able to swivel during take-off there was the potential to ground-loop. In mock dogfights with P-51 Mustangs (called J 26 in Swedish service) it was able to "hold its own" up to 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) although, above 6,000 m (19,000 ft), without a good high altitude supercharger, it became sluggish. J 22 pilot Ove Müller-Hansen: "This was one of the finest aircraft that I have ever flown. The responsiveness of the controls and overall handling was exceptionally nice. It was not a high altitude fighter but up to about 5000 m (16,000 ft) it could hold its own very well. We flew mock dog fights with P-51 Mustangs and they could not catch us below 4000 m (13,000 ft) but if the fight was higher than that we had to be very careful. At altitudes above 6000 m (19,500 ft) it was getting sluggish and at 9000 m (29,000 ft) it was not much power left. Stalls in turns and straight forward were usually not a problem. If you pulled really hard in turn it would sometime flip over on its back. The first version, the 22-A, did not have much fire power, but the 22-B was better." Because of its simple systems the J 22 was very easy to maintain and service.

With 575 km/h (360 mph) from a 795 kW (1,065 hp) engine, the press called the diminutive fighter "World's fastest in relation to the engine power" (while not absolutely true, it was in the same class as the early marks of Supermarine Spitfire and Zero).[2] The J 22 crews promptly modified this to "World's fastest in relation to the track width" (for which the Spitfire might also have competed), because of the very narrow wheel track. The aircraft was retired in 1952.

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Variants

J 22-1 - first production version, 2x 7.9 mm and 2x 13.2 mm machineguns, 143 built.
J 22-2 - armed with 4x 13.2 mm machine guns, 55 built.
S 22-3 - nine J 22-1 equipped for reconnaissance in 1946, restored to fighters in 1947.

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Specifications (J 22-2)

General characteristics:

Crew: One
Length: 7.80 m (25 ft 7 in)
Wingspan: 10.00 m (32 ft 10 in)
Height: 3.60 m (11 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 16.00 m² (172.16 ft²)
Empty weight: 2,020 kg (4,445 lb)
Loaded weight: 2,835 kg (6,240 lb)
Powerplant: 1 × SFA STWC-3G 14-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 795 kW (1,065 hp)

Performance:

Maximum speed: 575 km/h (360 mph)
Cruise speed: 340 km/h (210 mph)
Landing speed: 140 km/h (90 mph)
Range: 1,270 km (790 mi)
Service ceiling: 9,300 m (30,500 ft)
Rate of climb: m/s (ft/min)
Wing loading: 177 kg/m² (36 lb/ft²))
Power/mass: 0.28 kW/kg (0.17 hp/lb)

Armament:

4x 13.2 mm (0.53 in) M/39A (Browning M2) machine guns


This is the best blueprint image I could find.

[Radoye]

[dyingtofly]

Plane being restored
http://www.j22-project.com/?page_id=442&lang=en

[blockhaj]

Pilots and gentlemen, let me present the FFVS J-22A  and B.

 
Model: FFVS J-22A and B (also known as J22-1 and 2)
 
Technical Description: Steel and wooden fighter plane with a swedish copy of the P&W twin wasp engine. It is the only Swedish military ww2 plane not made by Saab. It was manufactured by Flygförvaltningens Flygverkstad Stockholm "FFVS" which was a company put together by the Swedish air force just to produce the J-22.
 
Visual Aspects:



J-22a in see through.


Landing gear going up

 
Short History: The J-22 was ordered by the Swedish air force as an emergency fighter because Sweden didn't have a modern fighter in 1941. The development was rapid and the aircraft went from prototype to service withing a year.
 
Configuration: Single seat Fighter
 
Production Status
First flight: 20 September 1942
Introduction year: 1943
Status: Retired
Number built:  198-200 (different sources)
 
Crew Data
Number of crew: 1
Roles of crew: Pilot
 
Engine Data (Piston Aircraft)
Manufacturer: Svenska Flygmotor AB, Trollhättan
Name: STWC-3 (Swedish copy of P&W twin wasp R-1830-SC3-G)
Number of engines: 1
Number of cylinders: 14
Configuration: Radial
Cooling: Air
Supercharger / Turbo: Mechanical compressor.
Fuel: 87 octane
Dry weight: 657.70894 kg
Gear ratio: 2550 rpm
Compression ratio: 6,7: 1
Horsepower: 1050 - 1065 hp
 
Fuel Data
Fuel: 525 liter
Fuel tanks: One in each wing and one in the body behind the pilot. (09-2)
Wing tanks holds 190 liters each. (09-2)
Body tank holds 145 liter which 140 liters is fuel. (09-2)
Fuel tanks.

Fuel system (now with translations)

 
Fuel consumption
Air time:   1.4 h                     1.3 h                    3.2 h           2.7 h
Distance: 620 km                 700 km               1320 km    1360 km
Speed:      max(mission)      max(mission)      cruising      cruising
Height:      0 m                       4300 m                0 m             4300 m
Liter/h:      375 liter                379 liter               160 liter      190 liter
Kg/h:         280 kg                  290 kg                 120 kg       140 kg
 
Power Data
WEP:
Take Off Power: 1050 hp (2700 rpm)
Hp max - not Take off: 900 hp (2550 rpm) at 3658 meters
Maximum power: 1 065 hp (749 kW)
Cruising Power: 650 hp (2250 rpm)
 
Propellor Data
Manufacturer: Svenska Flygmotor AB, Trollhättan
Type: SFA Hamilton VP2-M
Number of blades: 3
Original designation: 3E50-E2270
Blade diameter: 3.10 m
Blade type: A-918-4
 
Basic Geometric Data
Length: 7.8 m
Height: 2.8 m (3,6 m with landing gear)
Wing span: 10 m
Wing area: 16 m²
Flap area:
Elevator area:
Rudder area:
Aileron area:
 
Weight Data
Normal weight (mission): J-22A (2760 kg) J-22B (2835 kg)
Normal weight (transfer): J-22A (2660 kg) J-22B (2710 kg)
Empty weight: J-22A (2000 kg) J-22B (2020 kg)
Added weight total (mission): J-22A (750 kg) J-22B (813 kg)
Added weight total (transfer): J-22A (659 kg) J-22B (688 kg)
 
Added weight
Loose equipment (mission): J-22A (134 kg) J-22B (163 kg)
Loose equipment (transfer): J-22A (146 kg) J-22B (175 kg)
Pilot: 100 kg both
Ammunition: J-22A (111 kg) J-22B (137 kg)
Fuel, wing tanks: 282 kg both
Fuel, body tank: 100 kg both
Oil: 31 kg both
 
General Performance Data
Maximum speed: 575 km/h at 3500 m
Landing speed: 140 km/h
Cruising speed: 440 km/h
Stall speed: 81 km/h
Rate of climb: 15.5 m/s
Service ceiling: 9300 m
Range: 1270 km
 
Max Speed Chart
480 km/h at 0 m
575 km/h at 3500 m
560 km/h at 4300 m
 
Practical fighting speed
420 km/h at 0 m
510 km/h at 4000 m
 
Cruising speed
410 km/h at 0 m
500 km/h at 4300 m
 
Max diving speed
650 km/h with landing gear in.
350 km/h with landing gear out.
 
Rate of Climb
2 min to 1.000 meters
3.5 min to 2.000 meters
5 min to 3.000 meters
6.5 min to 4.000 meters
9 min to 5.000 meters
12 min to 6.000 meters
23.2 min to 9300 (service ceiling)
 
Takeoff distance
Solid surface: 350 m
Loose surface: 400-450 m
 
Landing distance
Solid surface: 350 m
Loose surface (with brakes): 350-450 m
 
Armament
J-22A:
2x 7.9 mm ksp m/22F (500 rpg) (page 14-2)
2x 13.2 mm FN (m/39a) (0,53 in) (250 rpg) (page 14-2)
J-22B:
4x 13.2 mm FN (m/39a) (0,53 in) (250 rpg) (page 14-7)
 
Ammunition
For the 7.9's: 8 mm m/32 8x63 bofors ammo
For the 13.2's: 13.2 mm m/44 13.2x99 FN ammo
 
Notes


Most of this info is from official Swedish archives. Some "few" stats are calculations by me example being the climbrate.

[Venator77]

Put the data in code please